User:Mjduniverse/Drafts/Kalam Cosmological Argument

The Kalam Cosmological Argument is an Argument for the existence of God is an argument used against the idea of existence of an infinite, temporal regress of past events which implies a universe that has infinitely existed. This argument implies the existence of a First Cause. It also argues against a causeless universe. The argument has it's roots Ilm al-Kalam apologetics.

The argument
Premise #1: Everything that begins to exist has a cause. Premise #2: The universe began to exist. Conclusion: Therefore, the universe has a cause.

"Who created God?"
Some Atheists object to this by asking "Who created God?". However, apologists have responded to this by pointing out that the argument doesn't say that everything has a cause, rather it says that everything that begins to exist has a cause.

Circular Reasoning
Some have said that the argument is a form of circular reasoning. However, apologists have responded by pointing out that the argument is really a syllogism that uses the Law of detachment, or Modus Ponens. Modus ponens can be formally stated as:
 * $$\frac{P \to Q,\; P}{\therefore Q}$$

Premise 1
Some object to Premise 1 by saying that Quantum indeterminacy is uncased. However, apologists respond to this as saying this indeterministic interpretation of Quantum indeterminacy is just part of one of the interpretations of quantum mechanics, that being the Copenhagen interpretation. They point out that there are other interpretations of quantum mechanics that are deterministic.

Others object by saying that Virtual particles are uncaused or that Quantum Fluctuations come from nothing and that because of that, the universe can come from nothing. Theologians have argued that these particles don't really come from nothing, but rather from the quantum vacuum, which really can't be described as nothing. ne